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北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试 $lesson$
2011年05月07日
Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。
Passage 1
Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage:
Spending 50 minutes with a cell phone close to your ear is enough to change brain cell activity in the part of the brain closest to the antenna(天线). But whether that causes any harm is not clear, scientists at the National Institute of Health said at a conference last month, adding that the study will not likely settle concerns of a link between cell phones and brain cancer. “What we showed is glucose (葡萄糖) metabolism(代谢)(a sign of brain activity) increases in the brain in people who were exposed to a cell phone in the area closest to the antenna,” said Dr. Nora Volkow of the NIH, whose study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. (76) The study was meant to examine how the brain reacts to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless phone signals。
Volkow said she was surprised that the weak electromagnetic radiation(电磁辐射) from cell phones could affect brain activity, but she said the findings do not shed any light on whether cell phones cause cancer. “This study does not in any way indicate that. What the study does is to show the human brain is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation from cell phone exposures。” Use of the devices has increased dramatically since they were introduced in the early 1980s, with about 5 billion cell phones now in use worldwide。
Some studies have linked cell phone exposure to an increased risk of brain cancers, but a large study bu the World Health Organization did not offer a clear answer to this. Volkow’s team studied 47 people who had their brain examined while a cell phone was turned on for 50 minutes and another while the phone was turned off. While there was no complete change in brain metabolism, they found a 7 percent increase in brain metabolism in the region closest to the cell phone antenna when the phone was on。
(77)Experts said the results were interesting, but urged that they be understood with great care. “ Although the biological significance, if any, of increased glucose metabolism from too much cell phone exposure is unknown, the results require further investigation,” Henry Lai of the University of Washington in the U.S. and Dr. Lennart Hardell of University Hospital in Sweden, wrote in an article in JAMA. “Much has to be done to further investigate and understand these effects。” They wrote。
1. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Cell phone use is dangerous。
B. Cell phone use causes cancer。
C. The human brain is an electromagnetic field。
D. There are about 5 billion cell phone users in the world right now。
2. Doctor Volkow was astonished because ______。
A. her research has shed light on her understanding of cell phone
B. she found that cell phone exposure is harmful to human brain
C. she found that using a cell phone for about 50 minutes could influence or change brain activity
D. human brain is not responsive to electromagnetic radiation
3. According to the passage, cell phones were launched _______。
A. in the late 1970s B. between 1980 and 1985
B. in the late 1980s D. in the early 1990s
4. What does the word “that” stand for in the second paragraph?
A. Brain activity。
B. Her research findings。
C. The fact that cell phone use may cause cancer。
D. Her research progress。
5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?
A. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Harmful?
B. Cell Phone Radiati0n: Is It Useful?
C. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Healthy?
D. Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Weak?
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
Human beings have always had an ability to attend to several things at once. (78) Nor is electronic multitasking entirely new: We’ve been driving while listening to car radios since they became popular in the 1930s. but there is no doubt that multitasking has reached a kind of warp speed in the era of Web-enabled computers, when it has become routine to conduct several IM(及时通讯)conversations, watch TV and use the computer all at once。
But what’s the impact of this media consumption? And how are these multitasking devices changing how kids learn, reason and communicate with one another ?Social scientists and educators are just beginning to deal with these questions, but the researchers already have some strong opinions。
(79)Although multitasking kids may be better prepared in some ways for today’s fast-paced work placed, Many scientists are positively alarmed by the trend。 Kids that are instant messaging while doing homework, playing games online and watching TV, aren’t going to do well in the long run。
On the positive side, multitasking students tend to be extraordinarily good at finding and using information. And probably because modern childhood centers around visual(视觉的)rather than print media, they are especially skilled at analyzing visual data and images。
Many educators and psychologists say parents need to actively ensure that their teenagers break free of uncontrollable engagement with screens and spend time in the physical company of human beings―a growing challenge not just because technology offers such a handy option but because so many teenagers and college students say overcommitted(任务过量的)schedules drives much of their multitasking。
Just as important is for parents and educator to teach kids that it’s valuable, even essential, to occasionally slow down, unplugs and take time to enjoy life beyond the screen。
6. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. How is multitasking define (定义)in the information age?
B. How do people see new technology and the social change it brings about?
C. How does technology change modern family life?
D. What’s the impact of multitasking on young people?
7. The expression “warp speed” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to____。
A. Low speed
B. Too much time alone。
C. high speed
D. steady speed
8. According to some teenagers and college students ,what causes their multitasking?
A. Overcommitted schedules
B. Too much time alone
C. Inability to focus
D. Fear of being neglected
9. According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. Humans have begun to engage in the multitasking behaviors since the information age。
B. Multitasking is a critical skill that students are required to learn at school。
C. Only parents can help their kids to get rid of the multitasking habits。
D. multitasking may prepare students for the reality of today’s fast-paces work environment。
10. What do educators and psychologist advise parents to do their multitasking kids?
A. To cut off home internet connection。
B. To seek medical treatment。
C. To encourage their kids to have some social life。
D. to help their kids to set personal goals
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
The nuclear power emergency at a Japanese atomic power plant last March could lead to a major re-examination in European countries that are already building such plants or are considering a shift from fossil(化石) fuels to nuclear energy to fight climate change. With the terrible accident 25 years ago in Chernobyl(切尔诺贝利) beginning to fade in European Memories, governments across Europe have grown more open to using more nuclear power. Enthusiasm for nuclear power is particularly strong in Eastern Europe, which wants to move away from dependence on Russian oil and natural gas, and on heavily polluting coal-fired power plants. Eastern governments have begun improving existing nuclear plants or are building or planning new ones. But as Japan struggled to deal with her nuclear crises, discussion about the good and the bad of nuclear power became heated。
(80)In Germany, nuclear power has been a repeatedly argued and widely felt issue for decades。 Up to 70 percent of Germans oppose nuclear power. Recently about 40,000 people turned out to form a human chain near a nuclear plant to protest government policies on nuclear power. “The accident in Japan could lead to a major rethink in Europe,” said Henrik Paulitz of the International Doctors for the Prevention of Nuclear War. “Governments have not been quite open about the safety levels of the nuclear power plants。”
Chancellor(总理) Angela Merkel heads a center-right unity government that supports the use of nuclear power. Her government recently made a disputed decision to extend the life of the country’s 17 nuclear power plants by an average of 12 years. She will now face more pressure the change that policy. She called an emergency meeting with her senior ministers. “We know how safe our plants are and that we do not face a threat from such a serious earthquake or violent tidal wave,” Mrs. Merkel said after the meeting. “We will learn what we can from the events in Japan。”
11. According to the passage, which of the following about Europe is TRUE?
A. It is dependent on Russia for gas and oil。
B. It has put an end to fossil fuels。
C. It had a major nuclear accident this year。
D. It is likely that they would rethink their nuclear power policies。
12. According to the passage, all the following statements about Eastern Europe are true EXCEPT _______ 。
A. they are eager to build new nuclear power plants
B. they have totally forgotten the Chernobyl accident 25 years ago
C. they have improved their nuclear power plants
D. they want energy independence
13. In the second paragraph, the author mainly discusses_______。
A. the nuclear accidents in Japan last March
B. nuclear power policies in Germany
C. German attitude towards nuclear power
D. the safety levels of nuclear power plants in Germany
14. The word “heads” in the third paragraph can be best replaced by ______ 。
A. leads B. tops C. minds D. arms
15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?
A. Japan’s Nuclear Crisis Causes Fear in Europe。
B. The Chernobyl Disaster Helps Europe Better Understand Nuclear Power Energy。
C. German Governments Supports Nuclear Power Energy。
D. Germany Has Learnt a Lesson From Japan。
Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)
Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。
16. By no means ____to her parents
A. this is the first time has she lied
B. this is the first time does she tell a lie
C. this is the first time she had lied
D. this is the first time she was lying
17. You have failed toe\w tests. You’d better start working harder, ____you won’t pass the course。
A. and B. but C. or D. so
18. His children are well-behaved, _____those of his sister’s are very naughty。
A. and B. so C. thus D. while
19. How can you keep fit ____you smoke so much every day?
A. but B. however C. if D. otherwise
20. The news has spread all over the country ____ the spaceship succeeded in returning to the earth。
A. what B. that C. if D. otherwise
20. The news has spread al over the country ____ the spaceship succeeded in returning to the earth。
A. what B. that C. which D. whether
21. I didn’t know your mobile phone number; otherwise I ____ you the moment I got to Washington。
A. have rung B. wound ring C. have rung D. wound have rung
22. As they are retired, Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a hours in the country to ____ their remaining years there。
A. spend B. spending C. spent D. spends
23. ____ by this grandparents, jimmy wasn’t used to living with his parents。
A. Too bring up B. To be brought up C. Brought up D. Being brought up 24. Please remain ____until the plane has come to a complete stop。
A. to seat B. to be seated C. seating D. seated
25. While watching television,____。
A. the doorbell rang B. the door bell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings
26. ____,the pay isn’t attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting。
A. Generally speaking B. On the country C. In particular D. To be honest
27. The robber had escaped and was nowhere to be found when the police ____
A. arrived B. had arrived C. belongs D. have arrived
28. Professor Wilson keeps telling his students that the future ______ to the well-educated。
A. is belonged B. is belonging C. belongs D. will be belonged
29. This company is closing up, so lots of workers will be laid ______。
A. down B. out C. off D. aside
30. Just take it easy and us exactly what has happened。
A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
31. Some developed countries are trying to the serious problems resulting from the energy crisis。
A. step up B. cope with C. cut off D. end up
32. He is such a man who is always fault with other people。
A. putting B. seeking C. finding D. looking for
33. After the retired from office, Rogers painting for a while, but soon lost interest。
A. took up B. save up C. kept up D. drew up
34. fire, all exits must be kept clear。
A. In place of B. Instead of C. In case of D. In spite of
35.My parents will move back into town in a year or 。
A. later B. after C. so D. about
36. Dogs have a very good of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake。
A. sense B. view C. means D. idea
37. The house I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building。
A. in it B. in what C. in that D. in which
38. Tom has already given up the of smoking for the sake of health。
A. custom B. habit C. hobby D. convention
39. Stephen Bullon is the only man in the village today that has survived the war。
A. live B. lived C. alive D. active
40. As she entered the room she could see big bright lights hung from the 。
A. roof B. top C. ceiling D. height
41. Those experiments have laid a solid foundation for his research in material science。
A. far B. deep C. farther D. further
42. The weather forecast says it is going to clear soon。
A. up B. out C. over D. about
43. He will come to call on you the moment he his work。
A. will finish B. finishes C. finished D. to finish
44. such a good chance, how could she let it slip away?
A. Having given B. Giving C. Having been given D. Give
45.Previous his departure, he addressed a letter to his。
A. to B. of C. in D. from
Part Ⅲ Identification (10%)
Directions:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D。 Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。
46. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy that。
A B C D
47. I Invited Joe and Linda as well as Tom to dinner, but neither of them came。
A B C D
48. You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting though you don’t mind taking the night train。
A B C D
49. Why not stay at home since that the road is so slippery after the heavy snow?
A B C D
50. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house that roof is under repair。
A B C D
51. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from which their parents speak at home。
A B C D
52. But for the help of my English teacher, I would not win the first prize in the English Writing Competition。
A B C D
53. Those brave army soldiers would rather die with their heads high than lived with their knees bent。
A B C D
54. No sooner had Professor Smith begun to speak when some noise arose from the audience。
A B C D
55. It is no good try to remember grammatical rules. You need to practice what you have learned。
A B C D
Part IV Cloze (10%)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet。
The mysterious tiger has been a symbol of power and strength for centuries. Its power is a 56 to hunters, 57 have tried to kill it to prove their own skill and 58 .In India 59 the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, large parties of 60 from around the world 61 go out on huge tiger hunts. Hundreds of tigers could be killed in a few weeks. As a 62 of this over-hunting, 63 with loss of habitat(栖息地)，the population of tigers in India dropped from about 40,000 64 the turn of the twentieth century to about 2,000 by 1972.
With the help of India and other concerned countries, the World Wildlife Fund 65 Operation Tiger in 1972 to save the tiger 66 dying out. Since then, seventeen tiger preserves(保护区)have been 67 ,and the tiger population in India has risen to 68 4,000 and 5,000.
But when people live on the 69 of the tiger preserves, tigers sometimes kill their farm animals and attack people ?about 600 people in India have been killed by tigers in the last dozen years. 70 tigers do not eat humans. But“old, wounded and homeless”tigers can become habitual(习惯的) man-eaters. In one area in India, villagers have 71 a clever solution. They wire lifelike human dummies(假人) to electricity 72 the tigers get a(n) 73 shock when they attack. It is hoped that in this way tigers will learn to 74 people. But the conflict between human and tiger 75 .Only if people have enough food, shelter and fuel will the tiger survive in the long run. And only if the tiger and its forest survive will people have a natural world they can return to 。
56. A. succession B. challenge C. guarantee D. intelligence
57. A. that B. which C. who D. those
58. A. bravery B. intention C. ambition D. harmony
59. A. on B. throughout C. with D. for
60. A. statesmen B. salesmen C. sportsmen D. chairmen
61. A. had better B. would rather C. ought to D. used to
62. A. result B. condition C. lack D. cause
63. A. provided B. guided C. perceived D. combined
64. A. with B. for C. at D. in
65. A. fastened B. founded C. surveyed D. interfered
66. A. through B. from C. away D. out
67. A. set up B. stood up C. paid back D. hold back
68. A. among B. through C. between D. from
69. A. edge B. bake C. front D. center
70. A. Occasionally B. Usually C. Rarely D. Repeatedly
71. A. looked up to B. passed by C. kept in touch with D. come up with
72. A. as soon as B. so that C. as long as D. for fear that
73. A. delicate B. sensitive C. electric D. magnificent
74. A. protect B. attack C. avoid D. penetrate
75. A. remains B. removes C. releases D. relieves
Part Ⅴ Translation (20%)
Section A
Directions:In this part, there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in the part of Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context。
76.The study was means to examine how the brain reacts to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless phone signals。
77.Experts said the results were interesting, but urged that they be understood with great care。
78.Nor is electronic multitasking entirely new: We’ve been driving while listening to car radios since they became popular in the 1930s。
79.Although multitasking kids may be better prepared in some ways for today’s fast-paced workplace, many scientists are positively alarmed by the trend。
80.In Germany, nuclear power has been a repeatedly argued and widely felt issue for decades。
Section B
Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly。
81.最近发生在日本的地震改变了地球表面。
82.13岁以下的儿童应坐在后座。
83.我星期天从不早起。
84.孩子的性格受家庭环境影响很大。
85.由于我离开得匆忙，忘记带课本了。
