英语六级翻译分类词汇:历史、文化类

中华文明 Chinese civilization

文明摇篮 cradle of civilization

华夏祖先 the Chinese ancestors

秦始皇帝 First Emperor,Emperor Chin

皇太后 Empress Dowager

汉高祖刘邦 founder of the Han Dynasty(206BC-220AD)

成吉思汗 Genghis Khan;Temujin

夏朝 the Xia Dynasty

明清两代 the Ming and Qing Dynasties

地名:特别注意四川和陕西拼法

四川 Sichuan,Szechwan,Szechuan

陕西 Shaanxi

四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China

火药 gunpowder

印刷术 printing

造纸术 paper-making

指南针 the compass

汉字 Chinese character

单音节 single syllable

汉语四声调 the four tones of Chinese characters

阳平 level tone

阴平 rising tone

上声 falling-rising tone

去声 falling tone

四书 the Four Books

《大学》 The Great Learning

《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean

《论语》 The Analects of Confucius

《孟子》 The Mencius

《春秋》 the Spring and Autumn Annals

《史记》 Historical Records

《诗经》 The Book of Songs;The Book of Odes

《书经》/《尚书》 The Book of History

《易经》 I Ching;The Book of Changes

《礼记》 The Book of Rites

《孝经》 Book of Filial Piety

《孙子兵法》 The Art of War

《三字经》 The Three-Character Scripture;The Three-Word Chant

《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms

《西游记》 Journey to the West;Pilgrimage to the West

《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions

《山海经》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers

《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers

《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber

《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes;Tales of the Water Margin

《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio;Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio

《围城》 Fortress Besieged

《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q

五言绝句 five-character quatrain

七言律诗 seven-character octave

八股文 eight-part essay;stereotyped writing

重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage

优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts

文物 cultural relics

中国画 traditional Chinese painting

书法 calligraphy

水墨画 Chinese brush painting;ink and wash painting

工笔 traditional Chinese realistic painting

中国结 Chinese knot

旗袍 Cheongsam

中山装 Chinese tunic suit

唐装 traditional Chinese garments(clothing);Tang suit

朝廷使者 royal court envoy

文人 men of letters

雅士 refined scholars

表演艺术 performing art

流行艺术 popular art;pop art

纯艺术 high art

高雅艺术 refined art

电影艺术 cinematographic art

踩高跷 stilt walk

哑剧 pantomime;mime

哑剧演员 pantomimist

戏剧小品 skit

马戏 circus show

单口相声 monologue comic talk;standup comedy

特技表演 stunt

相声 witty dialogue comedy;comic crosstalk

杂技 acrobatics

京韵大鼓 the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment

戏剧艺术 theatrical art

才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies

生(男性正面角色)male(the positive male role)

旦(女性正面角色)female(the positivefemale role)

净(性格鲜明的男性配角)a supportingmale role with striking character

丑(幽默滑稽或反面角色)a clown or anegative role

花脸 painted role

歌舞喜剧 musical

滑稽场面,搞笑噱头 shtick

滑稽短剧 skit

京剧人物脸谱 Peking Opera Mask

皮影戏 shadow play;leather-silhouetteshow

说书 story-telling

叠罗汉 make a human pyramid

折子戏 opera highlights

秦腔 Shaanxi opera

武术 martial art

功夫 kung fu

武术门派 styles or schools of martial art

习武健身 practice martial art for fitness

气功 qigong;deep breathing exercises

拳击 boxing

篆刻 seal cutting upriteous

工艺,手艺 workmanship;craftsmanship

卷轴 scroll

蜡染 batik

泥人 clay figure

漆画 lacquer painting

唐三彩 trio-colored glazed pottery ofthe tang Dynasty

景泰蓝 cloisonné

文房四宝 the four stationery treasuresof the Chinese study—a writingbrush,an ink stick,an ink stone andpaper

民间传说 folklores

寓言 fable

传说 legend

神话 mythology

古为今用,洋为中用 make the past servethe present and the foreign serve China

赋诗 inscribe a poem

对对联 matching an antithetical couplet

阳历 solar calendar

公历 Gregorian calendar

阴历 lunar calendar

天干 heavenly stem

地支 earthly branch

闰年 leap year

二十四节气 the twenty-four solar terms

十二生肖 the twelve Chinese zodiac signs

本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches

传统节日 traditional holidays

春节 the Spring Festival

元宵节 the Lantern Festival(15th day of the first lunar month)

清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day(April the 5th)

端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival(5th of the fifth lunar month)

中秋节 the Mid-Autumn Day(15th of the eight lunar month)

重阳节 the Double Ninth Day;the AgedDay

古文明研究中心 Research Center for Ancient Civilizations

中外学者 Chinese and overseas scholars

考古学家 archaeologists

人类学家 anthropologist

历史学家 historian

地理学家 geographer

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