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英式英语与美式英语的区别在哪?

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标签: 英语 英式英语 美式英语
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①现在完成时态的使用

在英式英语总中,现在完成时态强调的是过去发生的某一个行为对现在产生的影响。例如:I have finished my homework, shall we play football? 或者I have missed the train, can I get a refund for the ticket?而没事英语则不会这样表达,他们多半会说:I finished my homework, shall we play football?或者I missed the train, can I get a refund for the ticket? 另外,英式英语的现在完成时和美式英语的一般过去时都常用already,just 和yet。

在表示拥有某物时,美式英语和英式英语也有所不同。例如:

Do you have a pen?Have you got a pen?

这两种表达方式都是正确的。其中,在表拥有某物时,英式英语一般说have got,但是在美式英语中,大家一般则用have。

②动词get的过去分词形式

美式英语中,get的过去分词形式为getten,而英式英语中则为got。例如:

I have got some news for you.(英式)

I have gotten some news for you.(美式)

Have got 这种表达一开始在英国非常普遍,大家都用have 来表示拥有某物。后来,这种表达在美国也逐渐流行起来,现在他们也会用have got to 来表达对某事负有责任。如:

I have got to have a meeting tomorrow.(我明天得去开个会。)

③词汇

美式英语和英式英语最大的不同就在于词汇的选择上。有时候同一个单词在这两种环境中具有不同的意义。例如:

mean:美式英语中意为“卑鄙的,低劣的”,英式英语中意为“拮据的,手头紧的”

美式英语:The boss is so mean to his employees.

英式英语:He is so mean that he can’t afford the cheapest bag.

同样的,在对同一个事物的表达上,两者也存在差别:比如美式:Cab ;英式:taxi。

④拼写

美式英语和英式英语在拼写方面也有不同。例如,美式英语中以or结尾的单词,英式英语中则以our结尾。例如color,,colour;humor,,humour;flavor,,flavour 等。

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