阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

Organic Farming

During thousands of years of human civilization, the raising of animals and growing of plants have always been organic. Chemicals for farming first came up at the turn of the 20th century. Widespread use of chemicals began after World WarⅡ. In the 1950s and 60s farmers started using chemical fertilizers and pesticides(杀虫剂). Recently, however, more and more farmers have been returning to organic farming.

In organic farming, farm products are produced in more natural ways. Crops, meat and other food are produced without chemicals. Chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and growth hormones(激素)are forbidden. Farmers enrich the soil with natural fertilizers. They pull out weeds by hand. Hay and straw are put between the rows of plants to stop weeding. They rely on the natural enemies of pests to control pests. Animals are fed organically and can eat grass outdoors. Cows, for example, are kept in pastures(草场)and fields. Vegetables and fruit are also produced with organic methods.

Organic farming enjoys many advantages. For example, crop rotation can preserve the good qualities of soils. The growing of different crops can keep soils healthy and fertile. Organic farming is healthier for farm workers, and there are fewer remains of chemicals in food. In the long run, organic farms save energy and protect the environment. It can slow down global warming and reduce the pollution of ground water.

Meanwhile, there are some disadvantages. Organic food is more expensive. Organic products may cost up to 40% more. Production costs are higher as farmers need more workers, and the land output is much less. Marketing and distribution is not efficient because organic food is provided in smaller amount. Crop illness may happen very often. Besides, organic farming cannot produce enough food for the world's population to survive. This could lead to starvation in countries that can produce enough food today.

11.【题干】Organic farming_____.

【选项】

A.started in the 1950s

B.had a short history

C.has become popular in recent years

D.was promoted by World War Ⅱ

【答案】C

【解析】第一段中提到Recently, however, more and more farmers have been returning to organic farming. 然而，最近，越来越多的农民开始回归有机农业。与C选项相符。

12.【题干】In organic farming_____.

【选项】

A.cows can move around in fields

B.natural enemies of pests are scarce

C.chemicals are used to kill pests

D.machines are used to pull out weeds

【答案】A

【解析】文章第二段提到Cows, for example, are kept in pastures(草场)and fields. 例如，奶牛被饲养在牧场上。因此A正确。

13.【题干】The phrase "crop rotation" (Para. 3) probably means_____.

【选项】

A.growing high-yielding crops

B.seasonal growing of crops

C.planting soil-enriching crops

D.regular changing of crops

【答案】D

【解析】第三段中提到For example, crop rotation can preserve the good qualities of soils. The growing of different crops can keep soils healthy and fertile. 例如，作物轮作可以保持良好的土壤质量。不同作物的种植可以保持土壤健康肥沃。通过different crops也可以推断出是种植不同的植物。与D选项相符。

14.【题干】One advantage of organic farming is that it is, _____.

【选项】

A.water-saving

B.labor-saving

C.market-friendly

D.environmentally-friendly

【答案】D

【解析】第三段中提到In the long run, organic farms save energy and protect the environment. 从长远来看，有机农场可以节约能源，保护环境。因此选择D选项。

15.【题干】The problem of organic farming is_____.

【选项】

A.poor qualities of soils

B.high production costs

C.the use of too much land

D.the shortage of farm workers

【答案】B

【解析】最后一段提到Production costs are higher as farmers need more workers, and the land output is much less. 由于农民需要更多的工人，因此生产成本更高，土地产量也更少。与B选项相符。

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