2022年下半年成人学位英语考试词汇语法练习及答案

1.We drive our car fast and soon _____ other cars on the road.

A. oversee

B. overtake

C. overrun

D. override

答案: B

详解：我们开得很快，一会儿就超越了公路上的其他汽车。【注释】overtake“追上，赶上，超过”。oversee“俯瞰;监督，监视”。overrun“溢出;(侵略军)横行于”。override“奔越过，践踏过;制服，压倒”。

2.If tap water were as dangerous as some people think, _____ would be getting sick.

A. a lot of more us

B. more a lot of us

C. a lot of us more

D. a lot more of us

答案：D

详解：本题测试的是限定词的位置关系。用more来限定lot时，应置于lot之后，其它的说法都不符合习惯用法，故应选D)项。

3.The current political _____ of our country is favorable for foreign investments.

A. climate

B. weather

C. temperature

D. state

答案: A

详解：应选A项。climate(可数名词)意为“(一个地区或一个时期总的)气候”;weather意为“(指每日每时的晴阴，温度)天气”;state意为“状况，状态”。

4.The angry teacher gave the order that nobody _____ the classroom before twelve.

A. would leave

B. left

C. had left

D. leave

答案: D

详解：应选D项。that引导order(命令)的同位语从句，从句用(should)do表示虚拟语气。

5.Reading is to the mind _____ food is to the body.

A. what

B. that

C. similar

D. which

答案: A

详解：应选A项。what是关系代词，A is to B what C is to D，A对于B之间的关系犹如C对于D。句意为：读书对于大脑来说就像食物对于身体一样。

6.It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _____.

A. exception

B. exclusion

C. modification

D. substitution

答案：A

Without exception为固定搭配，表示“毫无例外，无一例外”。Exclusion表示“排除，排外”;modification的意思是“更改，修正”;substitution表示“替代”。

7.Last night he saw two dark _____ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.

A. features

B. figures

C. sketches

D. images

答案：B

Feature表示“特征，特点”;sketch的意思是“素描，梗概，草图”;image表示“形象”;而figure表示“外形，轮廓，体型”，符合上下文。

8.Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

A. lessening

B. shortening

C. shrinking

D. withdrawing

答案：C

考查近义动词的语义辨析。各选项的意思及用法分别是：选项Alessening减少，减轻，侧重指程度、重要性等的减轻。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship. 此次失败使我们夺冠的希望变得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of减轻负担;选项Bshortening缩短，变短，如The days are beginning to shorten.天开始变短了。shorten the gap between缩小……之间的差距;选项Cshrinking使收缩，缩小，减少，侧重指尺寸、大小等的变小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk.听讲座的学生人数减少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?这种肥皂会使羊毛衣服缩水吗?选项D withdrawing收回，撤退，撤销，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal.过了一会儿，他撤回了他的提议。根据题意可判断出选项C应为正确答案。全句意思是“面对通货膨胀和日益缩小的国际国内市场，许多公司都已宜布破产”。

9.We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

A. available

B. desirable

C. enormous

D. numerous

答案：A

考查形容词语义环境。四个选项的意思分别是：选项Aavailable现成可使用的，在手边的，可利用的;选项Bdesirable称心如意的，值得有的，如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable.我很羡慕简，因为她有一份很称心的工作。选项Cenormous巨大的，极大的，庞大的;选项Dnumerous许多的，很多的，如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts.这是他从很多事实当中得出的结论。根据题干可判断出选项A应为正确答案。全句的意思为“我们应清除厨房里的垃圾食品，而使各种高质量的食物随手可及”。

10.The purpose of your resume is to _____ enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview.

A. assemble

B. generate

C. yield

D. gather

答案：B

考查动词的语义辨析。各选项的意思分别是：选项Aassemble意为“集合，聚集，召集;装配”，如：The whole school assembled in the main hall.全校学生在大礼堂集合。Before you assemble the model plane, read the instructions.在你组装模型飞机前，先读说明书。选项Bgenerate意为“生成，产生光、热、电等;引起兴趣等”，如：News of the Queen's visit is generating a lot of excitement.女皇来访的消息使大家感到非常兴奋。选项Cyield意为“生产，产生利润、回报等;投降，屈服”，如：His business yields big profits.他的生意利润丰厚。选项Dgather意为“聚集，集合;收集，采集”，如：Many people gathered in the town square.很多人聚集在市政广场。该题需注意选项B和选项C在搭配上的区别。根据题意，选项B应为正确答案。全句意思为是“简历就是要充分引起雇主对你的兴趣，并达到进一步联系面试的目的”。

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